Science, 4–6 years — 20 topics · MyLeoNes™ Kuks
20 science topics written for 4–6 years — not a older text simplified. In teaching order, each a deck of five cards: the idea, why it exists, a worked example, the common trap and where you meet it.
Science · 4–6 years
Observing closely
Science begins by noticing what is really there. We use our senses and simple tools to ask better questions.
What living things need
Plants and animals are alive, but they cannot live without certain things. Looking at their needs helps us understand why they grow, move and change.
Materials can change
The same material can look or feel different after heating, cooling, mixing or bending. We can notice some changes and sometimes change them back.
Light makes shadows
Light travels from a source, such as the Sun or a lamp. When an object blocks some of that light, a darker shape appears behind it: a shadow.
Sound comes from vibrations
Sound begins when something shakes quickly and makes the air around it move. Our ears notice this moving air as sound.
Pushes and pulls change movement
A push or a pull can start, stop, speed up, slow down or turn something. The size and direction of the force help decide what happens.
Weather changes
Weather is what the air and sky are like at a particular time and place. It can change from sunny to rainy, warm to cold or calm to windy.
Magnets attract some metals
A magnet can pull some objects without touching them. It attracts materials such as iron and steel, but many other metals, wood, plastic and paper are not attracted.
Plants grow from seeds
A seed can begin the life of a new plant when it has water, air and the right warmth.
Floating and sinking
An object floats when water can support it at the surface, and sinks when it cannot stay up.
Day and night
Day and night happen because Earth turns, so different places face the Sun and then turn away from it.
Our senses give us information
Seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting and touching give the brain different clues about the world around us.
Animal features help them live
Animals have body parts and coverings that help them find food, stay safe or cope with their surroundings.
Animals live in habitats
A habitat is a place that gives an animal what it needs, such as food, water, shelter and space.
Germs can spread
Tiny germs can move from people and surfaces to other people, and simple habits can reduce their spread.
The Moon seems to change shape
The Moon is round, but we see different amounts of its sunlit half as it moves around Earth.
Baby animals grow and change
A baby animal is not just a smaller adult. As it grows, its body, skills and needs can change, although it remains the same kind of animal.
Breathing brings air into the body
Every breath brings air into the body and sends some air out again. The body uses part of the air, so breathing keeps happening while we play, rest and sleep.
Food helps the body work
Food gives the body materials and energy for growing, moving and repairing itself. Different foods do different jobs, so one food cannot provide everything the body needs.
Rocks and soil are natural materials
Rocks and soil come from the Earth, not from a factory. Rocks can be hard and solid, while soil is a mixture of small pieces, air, water and sometimes living things.
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