What happens during puberty — Health, 7–10 years
Puberty is a stage when a child’s body gradually develops towards an adult body. It does not begin at the same age or happen in exactly the same way for everyone.
A gradual body change
During puberty, hormones send new messages around the body. Height, body shape, skin, hair, voice and reproductive organs may change over several years. These changes are normal, but the order and speed can be different for each person.
Why puberty happens
A baby’s body is not ready for all the jobs of an adult body. Puberty is the body’s gradual change towards physical maturity, guided by hormones and genes. It takes time so different parts can grow and adjust rather than changing all at once.
A change over time
At age 8, Alex is 1.28 metres tall and has little body hair. By age 13, Alex is 1.55 metres tall, has more body hair and sometimes oily skin. This is one possible pattern, not a timetable: another child may change earlier, later or differently.
There is no perfect timetable
Children often compare themselves with classmates and assume that earlier or later means better or worse. That is a reasonable guess when everyone is growing in the same classroom, but bodies do not follow one shared clock. Differences are usually normal, not a competition.
Looking after changing skin
Hormones can make skin produce more oil, so some people get spots during puberty. Washing gently, avoiding harsh scrubbing and not squeezing spots can help protect the skin. If a skin problem is painful or worrying, ask a parent, pharmacist or doctor for advice.
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