Abstraction keeps what matters — Computing, 4–6
A computer can use a simple version of something while leaving out details. Computing, 4–6 years.
Keep the useful parts
Sometimes a computer uses a small, simple model instead of every detail of a real thing. A map can show roads without showing every tree, and a weather symbol can show rain without drawing every drop. Leaving things out can make an idea easier to use.
Why leave details out?
A real place has too much information to fit clearly on a small screen. A simple model helps you find the part you need, such as the road to a park, without getting lost in tiny details. The challenge is choosing what matters for this particular job.
Making a park map
You want a map from the gate to the slide. First, keep the gate, path, slide and a turn. Next, leave out the colour of every flower and the shape of each stone. Finally, draw those useful parts clearly. The map is not the whole park; it is enough for finding the slide.
The reasonable mistake
You may think that a useful model must include everything, because more detail sounds more accurate. But extra details can hide the part you need. Ask what the model is for first: a map for walking needs paths, while a picture for remembering flowers needs different details.
Simple models all around you
Sat-navs, weather apps and game maps all leave out parts of the real world. They keep information that helps with one task, such as choosing a route or finding a character. When you use one, remember that it is helpful but not the whole world.
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