Imperatives and instructions — Foreign languages, 11–13
How languages tell someone what action to take, without turning every command into a shout.
A verb that points to an action
An imperative tells someone what action to take: “Open the window”, “Turn left” or “Don’t touch that.” The subject is often left out because the listener is understood. Languages shape the imperative in their own ways, and the same form can sound helpful, urgent or bossy depending on the words around it.
Why instructions need a special form
Instructions often need to be short and clear: during a fire drill, nobody wants a long explanation before “Leave the building.” The special form makes the action stand out. But direct commands can feel too strong, so speakers often add “please”, a reason or a softer question when speed is not the main concern.
Build a clear instruction
Imagine showing a visitor the way to the library. First choose the action: “walk”. Add the place or direction: “Walk past the bakery.” Add the next step: “Then turn right.” To make it friendlier, say, “Please walk past the bakery, then turn right.” The verbs stay easy to spot, and the order matches the route.
An imperative is not always rude
You may avoid imperatives because in your first language a bare command can sound angry. That reaction makes sense: “Give me that!” can be rude. But “Turn the page” in a worksheet or “Press this button” in an emergency is simply efficient. Use the situation, voice and politeness words to judge the tone, not the verb form alone.
Signs, recipes and devices
Imperatives are everywhere you need action in a limited space. A sign says “Keep the door closed”, a recipe says “Mix the eggs”, and an app says “Tap to continue”. Understanding them helps you travel, cook, use a device and stay safe. Writing them clearly helps other people follow your instructions without guessing.
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